Labor Market of Zakarpattia Region: Current State and Assessment of Structural Transformation of Employment

Abstract

The article analyzes the main trends in the functioning of the labor market of the Transcarpathian region in the transformation of the region's economy to market relations. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of two main elements of the mechanism of the labor market - labor supply and demand, the interaction of which ensures its equilibrium. The dynamics of job creation in the spatial and the professional qualification section is analyzed. The main factors influencing the development of the field of employment are identified. Considerable attention is paid to the study of factors that shape the supply of labor in the region. Based on the current level of unemployment and the load on one vacancy in terms of natural and economic zones of Transcarpathia, a typology of local labor markets was implemented and three types were identified in their composition – balanced, unbalanced and diversified, with the definition of each characteristic. The analysis and assessment of the structural transformation of employment in the formation of a diversified economy of the region. The dynamics of cross-sectoral redistribution of labor is analyzed, the reasons for the deformation of the employment structure related to the concentration of a significant number of people employed in agricultural production and the curtailment of many industrial enterprises and the loss of their city-forming function and centers of advanced technologies and innovations.