Measurement and control methods in electrical engineering

Abstract

The article focuses on innovative measurement and control methods in electrical power engineering, specifically addressing challenges of power quality, signal diagnostics, and automation within smart grids. Emphasis is placed on wavelet analysis, smart metering, IoT integration, and automated control systems. These technologies are examined in the context of enhancing the adaptability and efficiency of modern electrical systems in line with Industry 4.0 requirements. Particular emphasis is placed on wavelet analysis, which serves as a universal tool for diagnosing non-stationary electrical signals, assessing power quality, and detecting harmonic distortions. Thanks to its capability for time-frequency localization, wavelet analysis enables effective signal processing and facilitates tasks such as transient process monitoring, voltage flicker analysis, and improving the accuracy of electrical measurements. This methodology opens new prospects for maintaining the stability of energy systems even under the challenging conditions of renewable energy integration. Special attention is given to the analysis of the role of smart technologies in contemporary energy systems. The advantages of Smart Metering systems—which ensure the automatic collection, analysis, and real-time transmission of energy consumption data—are discussed.